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Protocol - Motives for Using Medical Cannabis

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Description

This questionnaire includes nine self-administered items from the International Cannabis Policy Study Survey, Wave 6 (2023). Respondents are asked about motivations for using medical cannabis and use of cannabis as a complement to or substitution for prescription and other drugs.

Specific Instructions

When there is an interest in capturing a broader range of cannabis products, the WG recommends considering replacing "marijuana" with "cannabis".

In the International Cannabis Policy Study (ICPS), Wave 6 (2023), respondents are only asked these questions if they answer the USE.RECENT question with a 2 (used marijuana more than 3 months ago but less than 12 months ago), 3 (used marijuana more than 30 days ago but less than 3 months ago), or 4 (used marijuana within the past 30 days). If investigators wish to include the USE.RECENT introductory question, it can be accessed in the General Cannabis Use protocol

Additionally, question 2 of this protocol has the condition that the respondent answers the EVER.TRY question from the ICPS (wave 6) with a 1 (Yes). If investigators wish to include the EVER.TRY introductory question, it can be accessed in the General Cannabis Use protocol.

Protocols may include terms and language that could be triggering to respondents. Investigators are encouraged to have resources in place to help respondents cope with triggers as needed.

Terminology related to substances, substance use, and recovery is fluid. Updates in protocol language may be appropriate based on circumstance. Suggestions for revision have been offered to update answer responses or other components of the questionnaires to account for the constantly changing landscape. These suggestions have not been tested or validated in research studies but may be considered by investigators to enhance relevance.

The Substance Use and Recovery WG notes that items can be assessed separately for THC and CBD products.

Availability

This protocol is freely available; permission not required for use.

Protocol

Motives - Alcohol, Tobacco, and Other Substances - Medical Cannabis


1. Do you use marijuana for medical reasons, ‘recreational‘ reasons, or both?


By "medical marijuana user," we mean someone who uses marijuana only to manage a medical condition.


1[ ]Medical use only

2[ ]Recreational use only

3[ ]Both recreational and medical use

-77[ ]Don‘t know

-88[ ]Refuse to answer


2. Have you ever used marijuana to improve or manage symptoms for any of the following: SELECT ALL THAT APPLY.


1[ ]Anxiety (including phobia, obsessive-compulsive disorder or a panic disorder)

2[ ]Depression (including dysthymia)

3[ ]Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or traumatic event (e.g., abuse or loss)

4[ ]Bipolar disorder, mania, or borderline personality disorder

5[ ]Psychosis (e.g., paranoia, disorganized thinking, hearing voices that others can‘t hear) or dissociative identity disorder

6[ ]Schizophrenia

7[ ]Alcohol or other drug use

8[ ]Eating disorder

9[ ]ADD/ADHD

10[ ]Other significant emotional or mental health problem (we‘ll ask about pain, sleep and physical health symptoms on the next screen): _________

11[ ]I have never used marijuana for any of the above

-77[ ]Don‘t know

-88[ ]Refuse to answer


(Ask if Q2 = 1-10)

3. Do you currently use marijuana to improve or manage any of the following symptoms: SELECT ALL THAT APPLY


[ONLY SHOW RESPONSE OPTIONS SELECTED IN Q2]


1[ ]Anxiety (including phobia, obsessive-compulsive disorder or a panic disorder)

2[ ]Depression (including dysthymia)

3[ ]Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or traumatic event (e.g., abuse or loss)

4[ ]Bipolar disorder, mania, or borderline personality disorder

5[ ]Psychosis (e.g., paranoia, disorganized thinking, hearing voices that others can‘t hear) or dissociative identity disorder

6[ ]Schizophrenia

7[ ]Alcohol or other drug use

8[ ]Eating disorder

9[ ]ADD/ADHD

10[ ]Other significant emotional or mental health problem (we‘ll ask about pain, sleep and physical health symptoms on the next screen): _________

11[ ]I don‘t currently use marijuana to improve or manage the above symptoms.

-77[ ]Don‘t know

-88[ ]Refuse to answer


(Ask if Q2 = 1-10)

4. Is improving or managing mental health one of the main reasons you use cannabis?

1[ ]Yes

2[ ]No

-77[ ]Don‘t know

-88[ ]Refuse to answer


5. Have you ever used marijuana to improve or manage symptoms for any of the following: SELECT ALL THAT APPLY.


1[ ]Headaches/migraines

2[ ]Pain (including arthritis, neuropathy or premenstrual syndrome)

3[ ]Nausea/vomiting or chemotherapy symptoms

4[ ]Lack of appetite

5[ ]Seizures

6[ ]Muscle spasms

7[ ]To shrink tumors or treat cancer

8[ ]Problems sleeping

9[ ]Digestion/gastrointestinal issues (irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, colitis, etc.)

10[ ]Fibromyalgia

11[ ]Other condition(s) (please specify):___________

12[ ]I have never used marijuana to treat or improve symptoms

-77[ ]Don‘t know

-88[ ]Refuse to answer


(Ask if Q5 = 1-11)

6. Do you currently use marijuana to improve or manage any of the following symptoms: SELECT ALL THAT APPLY


[ONLY SHOW RESPONSE OPTIONS SELECTED IN Q5]


1[ ]Headaches/migraines

2[ ]Pain (including arthritis, neuropathy or premenstrual syndrome)

3[ ]Nausea/vomiting or chemotherapy symptoms

4[ ]Lack of appetite

5[ ]Seizures

6[ ]Muscle spasms

7[ ]To shrink tumors or treat cancer

8[ ]Problems sleeping

9[ ]Digestion/gastrointestinal issues (irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, colitis, etc.)

10[ ]Fibromyalgia

11[ ]Other condition(s) (please specify): ___________

12[ ]I don‘t currently use marijuana to improve or manage the above symptoms.

-77[ ]Don‘t know

-88[ ]Refuse to answer


(Ask if Q5 = 1-11)

7. Is improving or managing physical health one of the main reasons you use cannabis?

1[ ]Yes

2[ ]No

-77[ ]Don‘t know

-88[ ]Refuse to answer


(ASK IF Q5 = 1 or 2 [headaches or pain])

8. Have you ever used marijuana for pain relief, instead of using opioids or prescription pain medication?


1[ ]Yes

2[ ]No

-77[ ]Don‘t know

-88[ ]Refuse to answer


(ASK IF Q8 = 1)

9. Did you use marijuana for pain relief, instead of using opioids or prescription pain medication in the PAST 12 MONTHS?


1[ ]Yes

2[ ]No

-77[ ]Don‘t know

-88[ ]Refuse to answer

Personnel and Training Required
None
Equipment Needs
None
Requirements
Requirement CategoryRequired
Major equipment No
Specialized training No
Specialized requirements for biospecimen collection No
Average time of greater than 15 minutes in an unaffected individual No
Mode of Administration

Self-administered questionnaire

Lifestage

Adolescent, Adult, Senior, Pregnancy

Participants

Adolescents and adults ages 16-65

Selection Rationale

The International Cannabis Policy Study Survey (ICPS) is a well-established international survey that has been administered since 2018 to monitor marijuana use in Canada, the United States, Australia, and New Zealand. Additionally, ICPS questions are based on questions from other well-established surveys (e.g., National Survey on Drug Use and Health [NSDUH]).

Language

English, French

Standards
StandardNameIDSource
Derived Variables

None

Process and Review

Not Applicable

Protocol Name from Source

International Cannabis Policy Study (ICPS), Wave 6 (2023)

Source
Hammond, D., Goodman, S., Burkhalter, R., Corsetti, D., International Cannabis Policy Study Survey 2023 (Wave 6). September 2023Cannabis Sources - Medical Cannabis Use section, items CANNABIS.MED1, USE.MENTALHEALTH, USE.MENTALHEALTH.CURRENT, USE.MENTALHEALTH.MAIN, EVER.MED, EVER.MED.CURRENT, EVER.MED.MAIN, OPIOID.SUB, OPIOID.SUB2
General References

Advanis Inc. (2022). The Canadian Cannabis Survey 2022: Methodological Report. Ottawa, Ontario, Canada: Health Canada. https://epe.lac-bac.gc.ca/100/200/301/pwgsc-tpsgc/por-ef/health/2022/124-21-e/POR124-21-Methodological_Report.pdf

Hammond, D., Goodman, S., Wadsworth, E., Freeman, T. P., Kilmer, B., Schauer, G., Pacula, R. L., & Hall, W. (2022). Trends in the use of cannabis products in Canada and the USA, 2018-2020: Findings from the International Cannabis Policy Study. International Journal on Drug Policy, 105, 103716. doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2022.103716

Hammond, D., Goodman, S., Wadsworth, E., Rynard, V., Boudreau, C., & Hall, W. (2020). Evaluating the impacts of cannabis legalization: The International Cannabis Policy Study. International Journal on Drug Policy, 77, 102698. doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2020.102698

Protocol ID

511101

Variables
Export Variables
Variable Name Variable IDVariable DescriptiondbGaP Mapping
PX511101_Motives_For_Using_Medical_Cannabis_Current_Improve_Symptoms
PX511101060001 Do you currently use marijuana to improve or more
manage any of the following symptoms: SELECT ALL THAT APPLY show less
N/A
PX511101_Motives_For_Using_Medical_Cannabis_Current_Improve_Symptoms_Other
PX511101060002 Do you currently use marijuana to improve or more
manage any of the following symptoms: SELECT ALL THAT APPLY: Other condition(s) (please specify): show less
N/A
PX511101_Motives_For_Using_Medical_Cannabis_Current_Use
PX511101030001 Do you currently use marijuana to improve or more
manage any of the following symptoms: SELECT ALL THAT APPLY show less
N/A
PX511101_Motives_For_Using_Medical_Cannabis_Current_Use_Other
PX511101030002 Do you currently use marijuana to improve or more
manage any of the following symptoms: SELECT ALL THAT APPLY: Other significant emotional or mental health problem (we'll ask about pain, sleep and physical health symptoms on the next screen): show less
N/A
PX511101_Motives_For_Using_Medical_Cannabis_Improve_Symptoms
PX511101020001 Have you ever used marijuana to improve or more
manage symptoms for any of the following: SELECT ALL THAT APPLY. show less
N/A
PX511101_Motives_For_Using_Medical_Cannabis_Improve_Symptoms_Other
PX511101020002 Have you ever used marijuana to improve or more
manage symptoms for any of the following: SELECT ALL THAT APPLY.: Other significant emotional or mental health problem (we'll ask about pain, sleep and physical health symptoms on the next screen): show less
N/A
PX511101_Motives_For_Using_Medical_Cannabis_Main_Reason_Improve_Physical_Health
PX511101070000 Is improving or managing physical health one more
of the main reasons you use cannabis? show less
N/A
PX511101_Motives_For_Using_Medical_Cannabis_Manage_Symptoms_Type
PX511101050001 Have you ever used marijuana to improve or more
manage symptoms for any of the following: SELECT ALL THAT APPLY. show less
N/A
PX511101_Motives_For_Using_Medical_Cannabis_Manage_Symptoms_Type_Other
PX511101050002 Have you ever used marijuana to improve or more
manage symptoms for any of the following: SELECT ALL THAT APPLY.: Other condition(s) (please specify): show less
N/A
PX511101_Motives_For_Using_Medical_Cannabis_Mental_Health
PX511101040000 Is improving or managing mental health one more
of the main reasons you use cannabis? show less
N/A
PX511101_Motives_For_Using_Medical_Cannabis_Pain_Relief
PX511101080000 Have you ever used marijuana for pain more
relief, instead of using opioids or prescription pain medication? show less
N/A
PX511101_Motives_For_Using_Medical_Cannabis_Pain_Relief_Past_Year
PX511101090000 Did you use marijuana for pain relief, more
instead of using opioids or prescription pain medication in the PAST 12 MONTHS? show less
N/A
PX511101_Motives_For_Using_Medical_Cannabis_Use
PX511101010000 Do you use marijuana for medical reasons, more
'recreational' reasons, or both? By "medical marijuana user," we mean someone who uses marijuana only to manage a medical condition. show less
N/A
Assessment of Substance Use and Substance Use Disorders
Measure Name

Motives - Alcohol, Tobacco, and Other Substances

Release Date

May 8, 2025

Definition

Instruments used separately to assess the motives (reasons) for drinking alcohol, smoking cigarettes, or using drugs.

Purpose

The purpose of this measure is to assess motives (reasons) for drinking alcohol, smoking cigarettes, or using drugs, by asking the respondent questions about his/her thoughts and motivations for such actions.

Keywords

addiction, alcohol, cigarette, conformity, coping, craving, desire, Drugs, enhancement, illicit drugs, marijuana, Marijuana Motives Measure, MMM, nicotine, substance use disorder and addiction, SAA, social, substance use disorder, tobacco, urge, substance-specific intermediate phenotypes, International Cannabis Policy Study, ICPS, opioid substitution, substance use, substance use disorder, SUD, tetrahydrocannabinol, THC, cannabidiol, CBD, addiction

Measure Protocols
Protocol ID Protocol Name
511101 Motives for Using Medical Cannabis